According to a research report by the World Health Organization, cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide. At present, the clinical treatment technology of breast cancer has been relatively mature, from simple surgical treatment to combined treatment of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine, targeted therapy, etc. Even late stage patients can live longer and have a higher quality of life. Early detection and early treatment are the most important means to reduce mortality (the 5-year disease-free survival rate of patients with breast cancer who are found early and receive standardized treatment can reach 95%).
Firstly, pay close attention to breast lumps, abnormal nipples and areolas, and nipple discharge. Once they appear, the breasts may be seeking help!
Secondly, it is essential to undergo regular physical examinations and receive early warnings. Many people have breast nodules and BI-RADS grading detected in their physical examination reports. What does this mean? Is this breast cancer?
Breast nodule is not a disease itself, but the morphological manifestation of breast tissue, including breast hyperplasia, breast cyst, breast fibroma, breast cancer and other breast diseases. Although its incidence rate is getting higher and higher, most of them are benign, and the probability of breast cancer is extremely low. Although this is the case, it should not be taken lightly. If breast nodules are detected during a physical examination, further examination and diagnosis should be conducted at a regular hospital.
BI-RADS is the abbreviation for Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, established and recommended by the American Society of Radiology. Used to evaluate changes in the breast during imaging examinations and reduce errors and uncertainties in interpreting breast reports. It is divided into grades 0-6, and generally speaking, the higher the grade, the greater the possibility of malignancy.
BI-RADS ultrasound breast classification:
Level 10 negative: Only B-ultrasound evaluation is incomplete, further evaluation is needed, and it is recommended to combine physical examination or other imaging examinations. Most cases prove that the breast is normal.
L1 level negative: No abnormal findings on ultrasound (if normal lymph nodes are found in the breast or axilla, it also belongs to level 1). Suggested routine physical examination (once a year).
Grade L2 benign lesion: a relatively definite benign lesion. Unilateral breast cyst, mammary gland cyst, fibroadenoma with breast implants, stable postoperative changes, and no changes observed on continuous ultrasound examination belong to this grade. It is recommended to have regular follow-up visits (every 6 months to 1 year).
Grade L3 possible benign lesions: the proportion of malignant lesions is less than 2%. A solid mass with clear and smooth edges, circular or elliptical shape, and horizontal growth is most likely to be a fibroadenoma; Multiple cysts with negative palpation are included in this grade; Short term follow-up (once every 3-6 months) has become a treatment strategy, and those who have no changes during 2-year follow-up can be downgraded to level 2.
Grade L4 suspected malignant lesion: It is recommended to undergo pathological examination (such as fine needle aspiration cytology, hollow needle aspiration biopsy, surgical biopsy) to confirm the diagnosis. These lesions should be graded as low, moderate, or possibly malignant. Subclass division of level 4: Ø 4A, low degree suspected malignancy: more inclined towards benign possibility, malignancy rate of 2% -10%, pathological report result is generally non malignant, short-term follow-up (once every six months) after obtaining benign biopsy or cytological examination results. For example, palpable and locally well-defined solid masses with ultrasound features suggesting fibroadenoma; Touchable complex cysts or possible abscesses.
Ø 4B moderate suspected malignancy: more inclined towards malignancy, with a malignancy rate of 10% -50%. Fibroadenomas or fat necrosis with unclear boundaries can be followed up, but papillomas may require excision biopsy.
Ø 4C malignancy may be relatively high: the malignancy rate is 50% -94%, such as irregular solid masses with unclear boundaries or newly appearing clustered small polymorphic calcifications. Biopsy sampling physicians should be cautious. If the result is benign, it is recommended to continue implementing short-term follow-up (once every 3-6 months).
Grade 15 highly suspicious malignant lesion: almost certainly malignant, with a malignancy rate greater than 95%. It is recommended to undergo surgery as soon as possible for pathological diagnosis.
Malignant tumors confirmed by pathological examination after biopsy at level 16: Tumors confirmed by biopsy before seeking treatment belong to this level and measures should be taken, such as surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, targeted therapy, etc.
In summary, BI-RADS grade 3 and below are benign lesions, while grade 4 and above require consideration of malignant lesions. Breast nodules require three parts treatment and seven parts nourishment to maintain a relaxed mood and balanced nutrition; Balancing work and rest, exercising appropriately; Regular daily routines and routines; Regular physical examinations to prevent illness before it occurs; With the progress of medicine, I believe that the prognosis of breast cancer can be further improved.