Coronary heart disease is the abbreviation of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, which refers to the heart disease caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis, narrowing or blocking the vascular lumen, leading to myocardial ischemia, hypoxia or necrosis. Hypertension is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease. Patients with hypertension have a 3-4 times higher risk of developing coronary heart disease compared to those with normal blood pressure, and 60% -70% of coronary heart disease patients also have hypertension. Next, we will briefly introduce the relationship between hypertension and coronary heart disease, as well as preventive measures for coronary heart disease.
1、 The relationship between hypertension and coronary heart disease
1. Hypertension can cause arterial constriction and spasm
When blood pressure rises to a certain level, it can cause arterial constriction and spasm, especially in small and medium-sized arteries. Due to arterial constriction and spasm, on the one hand, the lumen narrows and blood flow decreases; On the other hand, it aggravates hypertension and accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis.
2. Hypertension can promote atherosclerosis
Hypertension can promote the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerosis. The higher the blood pressure, the greater the pressure on the arterial wall. Excessive blood pressure compresses the arterial wall, coupled with the impact of blood flow on the arterial wall, which can cause mechanical damage to the arteries. At the same time, excessive blood pressure compresses the blood vessel wall, causing nutritional disorders in the arterial wall and indirectly promoting damage to the arterial intima.
3. The damage of hypertension to coronary arteries
The damage of hypertension to cardiac blood vessels mainly manifests as damage to coronary arteries. Due to the increase in blood pressure, coronary arteries dilate, stimulating the proliferation of smooth cells beneath the endothelium, resulting in an increase in elastic fibers, collagen fibers, and mucopolysaccharides in the arterial wall, reducing the clearance of cholesterol and other substances from the arterial wall. After coronary atherosclerosis, the lumen becomes narrow, and the myocardial blood supply decreases. Long term myocardial ischemia and hypoxia lead to the formation of coronary heart disease.
4. Coronary heart disease and hypertension promote each other
The incidence rate and mortality of coronary heart disease increase with the increase of diastolic blood pressure, and the simple increase of systolic blood pressure will also increase the risk of coronary heart disease. The increase of blood pressure can promote the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis, and the hardened artery can further increase the blood pressure, further aggravating the burden and damage of the heart.
2、 Preventive measures for coronary heart disease
1. Diet
(1) Moderate diet
For patients with coronary heart disease, the amount of food should not be too much, and it is advisable to maintain a normal weight.
(2) Eat more coarse grains
Coarse grains refer to grains and cereals, which contain a large amount of protein, sugar, various vitamins, minerals, and crude fiber. The types of food should be diversified, especially for patients with coronary heart disease who should advocate eating less meat and more vegetables, mixing coarse and fine foods, and eating more fruits and vegetables.
(3) Drinking more
Drinking water can dilute blood, improve blood viscosity, prevent thrombosis, and help prevent atherosclerosis.
(4) Eat less salt
Excessive salt intake is a risk factor for hypertension, which is also one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease. It is advisable to limit the daily salt intake to no more than 6 grams per person.
2. Moderate exercise
Moderate exercise can strengthen muscle and nervous system activity, activate the nervous system, prevent obesity, improve cardiovascular function, etc. It plays an important role in the prevention of coronary heart disease.
3. Maintain emotional stability
Sudden changes in emotions are one of the important reasons for physical abnormalities. Many patients with coronary heart disease develop the disease due to sudden and intense stimulation, such as chest tightness and pain when arguing with others. Therefore, maintaining a good mentality and stable emotions in daily life is one of the important factors in preventing coronary heart disease.
4. Quit smoking
Smoking will lead to the accumulation of fatty substances or plaques in the arteries, which will eventually lead to atherosclerosis or atherosclerosis. Smoking can damage your organs, reduce your physical function, and increase your risk of heart disease. Smoking can also reduce the levels of beneficial high-density lipoprotein and increase blood pressure, thereby increasing arterial pressure.
Strengthening public health education and awareness, and increasing awareness and understanding of coronary heart disease and related influencing factors can help us actively take measures to prevent the occurrence of coronary heart disease. At the same time, in daily life, good habits should also be maintained, starting from small details in life to prevent the occurrence of coronary heart disease.