Bronchial asthma, also known as asthma, is a common and frequently occurring disease, characterized by paroxysmal wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough. Bronchial asthma is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airway and is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness. The main symptoms are paroxysmal wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough. At present, there is no specific treatment method, but adhering to long-term standardized treatment can effectively control asthma symptoms, reduce recurrence, and even prevent recurrence.
1、 What are the causes of asthma?
1. Genetic factors
Asthma is related to genetic inheritance, and the incidence of asthma in relatives of asthma patients is higher than that in the population. And the closer the kinship, the higher the incidence of disease, and the more severe the patient's condition, the higher the incidence of disease among their relatives.
2. Allergic factors
30% to 40% of bronchial asthma patients can be diagnosed with allergens. Dust mites, cat and dog scales, mold, cow pollen, milk, poultry eggs, silk, feathers, moths, cotton wool, fungi, and other important allergens.
3. Non specific physical and chemical factors, such as inhalation of smoke, dust, and odors of vegetable oil, gasoline, or paint, as well as cold air, can stimulate sensory nerve endings beneath the bronchial mucosa, reflexively causing vagal nerve excitation and coughing, leading to bronchial smooth muscle spasms on the basis of airway hyperresponsiveness.
4. Microbial infections
Cold and upper respiratory tract infections are the most common causes, especially in winter and spring seasons or when the climate is variable. Respiratory infections, especially viral infections, are more likely to trigger asthma attacks in children.
5. Overwork
Overloaded physical labor and intense competitive sports can all induce asthma.
6. Psychological factors such as anxiety, sadness, excessive excitement, and even laughter can also lead to asthma attacks.
7. Climate factors, such as being prone to catching a cold during cold seasons, which can lead to respiratory infections, sudden changes in weather or a decrease in air pressure, can all trigger asthma attacks.
2、 Daily prevention of bronchial asthma
1. Avoid contact with allergens
Patients with bronchial asthma who have a clear allergen should try to avoid contact with the corresponding allergen again. If the allergen is not yet identified, attention should be paid to certain foods, pollen, medications, dust mites, and other factors related to asthma attacks, and exposure should be minimized as much as possible.
2. Control the onset of rhinitis
Most asthma patients have a high sensitivity constitution, so they often suffer from rhinitis. Actively and effectively controlling the onset of rhinitis can also prevent the onset of bronchial asthma.
3. Reduce colds
After repeated viral infections, the epithelial cells of the bronchi will be damaged, and the body's tissues will also decline, resulting in a relative decrease in the amount of water and calories in the cells. Over time, lung function will deteriorate and weaken, triggering bronchial asthma.
Therefore, asthma patients should pay attention to timely adding or removing clothes and bedding according to seasonal changes to prevent upper respiratory tract infections caused by catching cold.
In addition, winter and spring are the peak seasons for colds, and crowded public places with poor air circulation can easily breed pathogens. In addition, there are many sources of infection, so asthma patients should go less often.
4. Pay attention to the intensity of exercise. Exercising more can enhance the body's adaptability and tolerance to climate change, and reduce the chance of developing diseases. However, excessive exercise can sometimes trigger asthma because people require a large amount of oxygen during intense exercise. In this case, we often breathe through our mouths, and the air we inhale through our mouths is colder and drier, containing more dust and particles, which can easily lead to asthma attacks.
5. Keep the indoor clean
Unclean indoor refers to poor air quality and poor indoor environment, which can easily breed dust mites and increase the risk of asthma attacks. Pay special attention to regular ventilation to keep the indoor air circulating, which can reduce the growth of mites and mold, keep the indoor floor clean and dry, and avoid laying carpets. When cleaning, patients should wear masks and gloves, and open windows to prevent asthma attacks caused by polluted air.
6. Quit smoking
The chemicals in cigarettes and the smoke emitted during smoking have a direct impact on asthma patients because they can stimulate the respiratory tract. Therefore, patients should quit smoking and not stay in the smoking community for a long time to prevent inhaling second-hand smoke.