Coronary heart disease is a common disease, and the probability of developing it gradually increases with age. Coronary heart disease is more common in people over 40 years old, with a higher incidence rate in males than females. In recent years, with the increasing pressure and pace of people's lives, the population suffering from coronary heart disease has become younger and younger. At present, coronary heart disease has become a major threat to human health. If coronary heart disease is not treated in a timely manner, it may lead to patient death. Therefore, attention should be paid to the symptoms of coronary heart disease in order to receive timely treatment. So what exactly is coronary heart disease? What are the early symptoms of coronary heart disease? How to prevent coronary heart disease in daily life?
What is coronary heart disease?
Coronary heart disease is a type of heart disease with a relatively high incidence rate, which is also often called coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. It is mainly due to coronary atherosclerosis, which leads to stenosis and occlusion of the lumen, insufficient blood supply and nutrition of the myocardium, myocardial tissue necrosis, chronic angina pectoris, and ultimately evolves into coronary heart disease. Therefore, coronary heart disease is also an ischemic heart disease.
Early symptoms of coronary heart disease
1. Chest pain and chest distress
Most patients with coronary heart disease have chest pain symptoms, mainly because coronary artery atherosclerosis will lead to narrowing of the uterine cavity of patients, and blood can not flow smoothly. Once they engage in a lot of physical labor, patients will have chest pain and chest distress. If there is sudden pain in the left chest, it needs to be taken seriously. In daily work and life, patients often experience shortness of breath, palpitations, chills, and chest pain after meals. When fatigued or tense, patients may also experience chest tightness, such as dull pain in the sternum and chest area, or constriction like pain. When the pain is severe, it can radiate to the left shoulder and upper arm, lasting for 3 to 5 minutes. After resting, the patient's chest pain, tightness, and palpitations can be relieved.
2. Tinnitus
The auricle is sensitive to hypoxia and ischemia. If there is no tinnitus at ordinary times, the tinnitus suddenly appears in the near future and the tinnitus symptoms persist, it may be related to cerebral ischemia caused by atherosclerosis.
3. Wrinkles on the earlobe
Research has shown that when ischemia occurs in arteriosclerosis, there will be obvious wrinkles on the earlobe.
4. Dizziness and fainting
Patients with coronary heart disease often experience dizziness and fainting, but anemia, cervical spondylosis, and arrhythmia can also lead to dizziness, fainting, and dizziness. However, the occurrence of dizziness, fainting, and dizziness should be taken seriously and checked at the hospital as soon as possible.
5. Toothache
Toothache is also closely related to coronary heart disease. Once the coronary artery is damaged, myocardial ischemia and hypoxia occur, and the body's nerves will transmit abnormal signals from the heart to the spinal cord center. When transmitted to the teeth, toothache occurs, and it is difficult to determine the location of the pain. This toothache usually occurs on the left side of the gums and is often not a dental problem when examined.
6. Myocardial ischemia
Patients with coronary heart disease do not experience significant myocardial ischemia in the early stages of the disease, but their left ventricular function and myocardial metabolic efficiency may decrease. However, due to the less obvious symptoms, they are easily overlooked. As the duration of myocardial ischemia prolongs, the patient's myocardium will develop local fibrosis, which will affect the patient's cardiac function and cause arrhythmia.
Causes of coronary heart disease
There are many causes of coronary heart disease, including age, blood pressure, staying up late, smoking and drinking, diabetes, etc. In addition, metabolism related factors, lipid related components, inflammation related factors, psychological factors, and gene polymorphism will also increase the risk of coronary heart disease.
1. Hypertension
Hypertension is the main cause of coronary heart disease. If patients with diastolic hypertension do not receive timely treatment, their condition will worsen with age and develop into systolic hypertension.
2. Dyslipidemia
Hypertension is an independent risk factor in the onset of coronary heart disease. Hyperlipidemia will increase the precipitation in the blood vessels, causing atherosclerosis, which will lead to cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease. If coronary atherosclerotic plaque falls off, it may also lead to myocardial infarction in patients.
3. Obesity
As weight continues to increase, the patient's heart load increases, blood pressure continues to rise, and myocardial oxygen consumption is higher. Hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hyperfibrinogenemia, and diabetes can all cause atherosclerosis.
4. diabetes
Research shows that compared with non diabetes patients, diabetes patients have significantly higher risk factors for coronary heart disease.
How to prevent coronary heart disease?
1. Low salt and low-fat diet
China's dietary culture is different from foreign dietary habits, and the taste of Chinese food is relatively heavy. WHO recommends that the daily salt intake should be maintained below 5g. If a large amount of salt is consumed, it can increase the risk of hypertension. In addition, excessive intake of fats in daily diet can also lead to elevated blood lipid levels, increased blood viscosity, and accelerated progression of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in daily life, it is necessary to control diet reasonably, pay attention to balanced nutrition in three meals, and avoid spicy and stimulating foods.
2. Active exercise
Research has shown that long-term exercise can improve the body's basal metabolism and vascular elasticity, and have a good effect on improving vascular conditions. Generally, aerobic exercise should be maintained for at least 150 minutes per week, with each session lasting between 30 to 60 minutes, and a weekly frequency of 5 exercises.
3. Quit smoking and drinking
Nicotine is present in cigarettes, which can cause significant damage to the body. Once nicotine enters the body, it can have adverse effects on blood lipids, cardiovascular function, and blood clotting, leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Long term alcohol consumption can lead to decreased vascular elasticity, increased risk of hypertension, and ultimately trigger coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
4. Medication
In the early stages of coronary heart disease, patients can control their condition through antithrombotic therapy, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, beta blockers, nitrate drugs, etc., reducing myocardial oxygen consumption, angina, maintaining plaque stability, and avoiding worsening of the condition, achieving better treatment results. However, when using medication, one should not make blind choices. It is necessary to seek advice from a reputable hospital and follow the advice of professional doctors to use medication in a targeted manner, in order to ensure medication safety.
In short, some patients with coronary heart disease may experience chest tightness, palpitations, chest pain, tinnitus, earlobe wrinkles, dizziness, fainting, toothache and other symptoms in the early stages of the disease, which have serious adverse effects on the physical and mental health of patients and need to be highly valued. In daily life, it should be highly valued to develop good habits, actively participate in sports training, quit smoking and drinking. Once the body is uncomfortable, it should be checked in the hospital as soon as possible and medication should be taken under the guidance of professional doctors.