Spring, when flowers bloom, is the peak season for allergic rhinitis. Patients often experience allergic reactions due to exposure to pollen and dust mites. At this time, they may frequently sneeze, have a runny nose, and even experience symptoms such as nasal congestion and itching, which can make patients feel particularly uncomfortable. So, what is allergic rhinitis? How to treat and manage allergic rhinitis?
1、 What is allergic rhinitis?
Allergic rhinitis, also known as allergic rhinitis, refers to a non infectious inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa in atopic individuals who are exposed to allergens, mainly mediated by IgE mediators (mainly histamine) and involving various immune active cells and cytokines. There are three necessary conditions for its occurrence: specific antigens, which are substances that cause immune responses in the body; Atopic individuals, also known as individual differences or allergic constitution; Specific antigens and atopic individuals meet each other. Allergic rhinitis is a global health issue that can lead to many diseases and labor loss.
2、 The treatment of allergic rhinitis
Treatment measures for allergic rhinitis include medication, surgical treatment, and so on. Select different treatment methods according to the patient's different conditions.
1. Drug therapy: Regarding drug therapy, first-line drugs include the following: firstly, nasal spray hormones, such as mometasone furoate or fluticasone propionate, etc. The second type of medication is antihistamines, such as loratadine or cetirizine hydrochloride, and the third type of medication is called leukotriene drugs, such as oral Montelukast sodium.
2. Surgical treatment: The currently advanced surgical method is called posterior nasal nerve transection, which can reduce allergic reactions in the nasal cavity.
3、 Daily management of allergic rhinitis
1. Improve lifestyle habits: diet should be light and avoid consuming spicy and irritating foods. Regularly open windows for ventilation and maintain a good air environment. Pay attention to rest in daily life and engage in appropriate physical exercise to enhance the body's resistance.
2. Avoid contact with allergens: For identified allergens, contact should be avoided or reduced as much as possible to minimize the occurrence of allergic rhinitis. Individuals with pollen allergies should try to minimize going out or wearing masks during the pollen transmission period. People who are allergic to mites and hair should pay attention to the hygiene of their living environment, reduce the breeding of mites and the aggregation of hair.
3. Nasal flushing: Physiological saline or hypertonic saline can be used to flush the nasal cavity, reducing dust and other stimuli entering the nasal cavity and improving nasal ventilation.
Therefore, patients should pay attention to avoiding contact with allergens in daily life, reduce the occurrence of rhinitis, and engage in appropriate physical exercise to enhance personal fitness.