Diet treatment is the basis of diabetes treatment. No matter what type of diabetes patients, they need to carry out diet control. A healthy diet is beneficial for maintaining a reasonable weight, maintaining ideal blood sugar levels, reducing insulin resistance, lowering pancreatic beta cell load, and reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, for patients with diabetes, the most important thing is to control blood sugar. If you want to keep blood sugar in a stable state, you should not only take medicine on time, but also control your diet reasonably.
Healthy diet rules for diabetes patients
1. Control the intake of sugar
Sugar containing foods will make blood sugar rise a lot in a short time, so you should try to eat as little as possible, especially foods rich in monosaccharide and disaccharides, such as glucose, fructose, maltose, etc. If there are not enough calories in the body, you can eat more cereal foods, such as millet, brown rice, etc. The starch in these foods is polysaccharides, which will not raise blood sugar, but can make people feel full and provide enough calories to the body.
2. Control fat intake and reasonable intake of protein
Excessive intake of fat is also a factor in the onset of diabetes, so the amount of fat intake should be controlled after suffering from diabetes. Excessive intake of fat will lead to the occurrence of diabetes because fat will increase insulin resistance, thereby reducing insulin sensitivity, and then increasing blood sugar. Protein intake has no great impact on blood sugar, so diabetes patients can take protein like normal people, with a daily intake of about 100g.
3. The principle of taking a small amount of food for many times
The principle of taking a small amount of food for diabetes patients as much as possible can not only prevent hypoglycemia, but also prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. Patients who are prone to hypoglycemia or insulin injections can add meals between meals appropriately, but total calorie intake should be controlled.
4. Make a good combination of coarse and fine grains with meat and vegetables
The main course should be eaten with coarse and fine grains, which can comprehensively absorb their nutrients. In addition, it is also important to balance meat and vegetables. If you eat vegetables for a long time, your body will lack protein, which is not conducive to the repair and regeneration of damaged cells. But if too much protein or fat is consumed, it will increase the burden on the pancreas, liver, and kidneys. Therefore, it is important to balance meat and vegetables, with vegetables as the main source and meat and egg as supplements.
5. Diet timing and quantity
Patients should arrange their meal time reasonably, with a minimum interval of 6 hours between meals. They should eat at a regular time and quantity. Even if they do not feel hungry, they should eat appropriately at the meal time. When there is obvious hunger, the amount of food should be controlled to avoid fluctuations in blood sugar. Reasonably control the amount of food consumed. People with combined obesity should consume 250 grams of staple food per day. Men should not exceed 150 grams of protein per day, and women should not exceed 125 grams. They should also consume at least 500 grams of vegetables per day.
In our daily life, we can use the palm rule to measure the intake of various foods every day. ① Quantity of fists - staple food: starchy food equivalent to two fists of your own can be selected, such as Mantou, Steamed rolls, rice, etc., which can meet the daily carbohydrate demand. Fruits: The daily requirement is equivalent to the size of one fist. ② Palm size - Meat and eggs: 50 grams of protein is equivalent to the size of a palm, about the thickness of a little finger. Eating 50-100 grams of protein per day can meet the daily needs. ③ Dual handed grasping capacity - Green leafy vegetables: The amount of vegetables that can be grasped by both hands can be equivalent to 500 grams, and eating 500 to 1000 grams of vegetables per day can meet the needs. ④ Thumb tip amount - oils: Only taking the tip of the thumb (first section) per day is sufficient.
Diabetic patients should also be aware of the "three taboos" in their daily diet. They should not eat various types of sugar, candied fruits, canned fruits, soda, fruit juice, jam, ice cream, sweet biscuits, sweet bread and sugar made pastries, as well as sugar free biscuits, sugar free foods, etc., which generally contain a large amount of starch because these foods are high in sugar and are prone to high blood sugar when consumed; Eat less red meat and processed meat. Red meat such as pigs, cows, and sheep have high fat content, while processed meat such as bacon and ham have high fat and salt content.
It is not suitable to eat foods containing high cholesterol and animal fat, such as animal brain, liver, heart, lung, waist, egg yolk, fat meat, butter, pig, beef and goat oil, etc. These foods are prone to increase blood lipids and atherosclerosis; Increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
It is not suitable to drink alcohol. Alcohol can make blood sugar fluctuate. When drinking a lot on an empty stomach, serious hypoglycemia can occur, and drunkenness can often cover the performance of hypoglycemia, which is difficult to find and very dangerous. Don't drink sugary drinks: the study found that 250 ml sugary drinks a day increased the risk of type 2 diabetes by 19%. Therefore, to stay away from diabetes, it is necessary to stay away from sugary drinks.