The lower limb hemiplegia caused by cerebral vascular malformation embolism affects the patient's normal life, thus highlighting the importance of lower limb rehabilitation training. Rehabilitation training can help patients recover their daily activities as early as possible, improve their mental state, and promote their early return to society. According to relevant investigations, it is difficult to achieve the goal of self-care after acute cerebral vascular occlusion surgery without rehabilitation training. It is necessary to popularize the methods of lower limb rehabilitation training after cerebral vascular malformation embolization surgery here, so that patients with this disease can actively participate in lower limb rehabilitation training and recover their normal life as soon as possible.
Lower limb active activity
Lower limb active activity can accelerate blood circulation, prevent or reduce muscle atrophy, promote the improvement of limb movement ability, and provide support for sitting and standing training. Each exercise is performed in groups of 8-10, with 2 sessions per group and 3 sessions per day. The lower limb swing training mainly involves keeping the patient in a supine position, then firmly holding onto the bed with both hands, bending and closing both limbs, placing both feet flat on the bed surface, and swinging back and forth left and right.
Lower limb passive activity
After cerebral vascular malformation embolization surgery, it is necessary to perform lower limb passive activity in a timely manner, specifically by keeping the patient in a supine position with the left and right lower limbs in a naturally extended state. Then the rehabilitation trainer is on the patient's affected side, using one hand to support the heel and the other hand to support the back of the knee joint; Raise the lower limbs to a certain height and simultaneously perform flexion movements on the hip and knee joints; Continue to flex the hip and knee joints, allowing the knee joints to move towards the chest direction; Continue to bend the hip and knee joints, ensuring that the knee joints move towards the chest direction. During the stretching process, the knee joint needs to be extended first, followed by the hip joint. After the patient is able to complete independently, the affected lower limb can be independently supported. According to the patient's recovery situation, the healthy leg can be placed on the affected leg to apply weight and increase the difficulty of training. The range of passive lower limb movements should be adjusted from small to large, and from large to small. The range and frequency of movements should be determined based on the patient's own disease status, and the principle of rapid and gradual progression should be strictly followed. At the same time, patients are encouraged to engage in active movement of the healthy limb to enhance muscle strength. Passive lower limb movements are best tolerated by patients.
Sitting training
Sitting and bending exercises can promote the lower limb bending movement function of patients. Specifically, the patient sits with both feet naturally on the ground, and the affected foot slides gently backwards along the floor. The knee joint bends more than 90 degrees, and it should be noted that the foot should not leave the ground. Rehabilitation trainers should stand on the affected side to protect patients and prevent them from being harmed.
Standing and walking training
When the patient has some motor function in the hemiplegic lower limbs but has difficulty standing up and walking, standing and walking training can be carried out in a timely manner. Because through standing and walking training, patients undergoing cerebral vascular malformation embolization surgery can stand up from a sitting position, enhance lower limb muscle strength, and be able to stand steadily; Improve balance ability and correct abnormal gait; Improve walking ability and try to walk normally. The rehabilitation trainer holds the patient's hips with both hands, making the patient stand as straight as possible; Let the patient take half a step forward with healthy legs; Ask the patient to stand up and stand as straight as possible, using their healthy hands to support the railing; The rehabilitation trainer is positioned behind the patient's side, supporting the patient's hip on both sides, assisting the patient's foot with one step back with their right hand, and then taking a small step forward. During standing and walking training, it is necessary to slowly perform each movement and perform a certain action based on one's own recovery situation. At the beginning of the training process, patients often feel that they cannot complete these exercises. At this time, rehabilitation trainers can provide appropriate assistance. As the patient gradually recovers, resistance can be increased appropriately to increase the patient's standing and walking time.