With the change of people's living habits and environment, the number of patients with hepatitis B is gradually increasing, causing serious physical and mental damage to patients. Therefore, we should learn more about hepatitis B. So, how much do you know about hepatitis B? Now let's learn about hepatitis B.
1、 What is hepatitis B
Patients infected with hepatitis B B virus caused by hepatitis B is hepatitis B. Hepatitis B can be classified into acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis based on the progression of the disease. Regardless of the type of hepatitis, it has strong infectivity during acute attacks. Different from other liver diseases, hepatitis B has a long course of disease and needs to take medicine for a long time to control the disease symptoms. However, in clinical practice, it is difficult to achieve the goal of cure.
2、 Transmission of hepatitis B
1. Mother to child transmission
Most hepatitis B is transmitted in family clusters, mainly through mother to child transmission. If a mother with hepatitis B has a high viral load during pregnancy, it is easy to cause her baby to be infected with hepatitis B virus. This is the main way of hepatitis B transmission at present, and parents need to pay attention to it.
2. Sexual transmission
hepatitis B can be transmitted through sex. Sexual transmission is humoral transmission. Research shows that there is hepatitis B virus in both semen and vaginal secretions. If the mucous membrane on the surface of the human body is slightly damaged by friction, viruses can quickly invade the body. Some close contact may also lead to hepatitis B. Normally, kissing will not produce hepatitis B, but if one of the two kissing parties is a carrier of hepatitis B virus, and the other party has oral mucosa damage, oral ulcer, etc., hepatitis B may be transmitted during kissing.
3. Blood transfusion transmission
In human blood, the content of hepatitis B virus is high, and infection will occur when trace blood enters the human body.
3、 Symptoms of hepatitis B
1. Systemic manifestations
Patients often feel weak, easily tired, accompanied by mild fever, etc. Insomnia and frequent dreaming may also be related to this.
2. Gastrointestinal manifestations often include loss of appetite, nausea, upper abdominal discomfort, bloating, etc.
3. Jaundice
Patients with elevated bilirubin levels may experience yellowing of the eyes and skin, as well as a change in urine color.
4. Liver area pain
Some patients may experience discomfort, dull pain, tenderness, or percussion pain in the upper right abdomen. If there is intense pain in the liver area, the possibility of biliary tract disease, liver cancer, etc. should be considered to avoid misdiagnosis.
5. Liver and spleen enlargement
Due to inflammation, congestion, edema, and bile stasis, patients often experience liver enlargement. When portal hypertension occurs, splenic congestion occurs, leading to splenomegaly.
6. Hepatic Fibrosis
When hepatitis B has a long-term refractory and recurrent attack, the fibrous connective tissue in the liver is proliferating, the degradation activity is insufficient, and the extracellular matrix will be deposited in large quantities, resulting in liver fibrosis.
4、 Hepatitis B Prevention
1. hepatitis B Vaccination
hepatitis B Vaccination should be taken for people with negative hepatitis B surface antibody, especially newborns, doctors and nurses who have more contact with susceptible people, which is an important method to prevent hepatitis B.
2. Standardize lifestyle habits
In daily life, attention should be paid to maintaining good hygiene habits, reasonable diet, balanced nutrition, and at the same time, attention should be paid to balancing work and rest to maintain a calm and cheerful mood.
Hepatitis B can cause physical and mental pain to patients, so more care and love should be given to patients to help them as much as possible. Hepatitis B patients need to maintain a positive attitude, encourage them to participate in sports activities, strengthen their resistance, and improve their health.