In recent years, "precision medicine" has become the treatment orientation for difficult and severe diseases such as tumors. With the increasing complexity of the disease spectrum, the diagnosis results before treatment have received more and more attention from all parties.
Ultrasound guided biopsy has become a very mature and popular diagnostic and therapeutic method in clinical practice, but many people are still unfamiliar with or even intimidated by this examination.
Ultrasound guided percutaneous puncture of lesions to obtain pathological specimens, thereby obtaining non vascular interventional techniques for pathological diagnosis. Ultrasound can clearly display the size, shape, and location of lesions, and can clearly show good anatomical relationships with adjacent blood vessels, nerves, etc. Therefore, it can accurately determine the needle insertion site, angle, and depth, avoiding damage to blood vessels, nerves, etc., greatly improving the safety and success rate of interventional procedures. Accurate biopsy plays a significant role in the subsequent treatment of diseases.
What is ultrasound-guided biopsy? Ultrasound guided biopsy is performed under local anesthesia, using real-time ultrasound guidance to puncture the target and obtain cells or tissues for pathological examination, in order to clarify the benign or malignant nature of the lesion, pathological classification, immunohistochemistry, and genetic testing results, and assist clinical doctors in formulating effective and reasonable treatment plans. Doctors will choose appropriate puncture tools based on the location, size, depth, blood supply, surrounding organ relationships, and clinical needs of the lesion. It is the most commonly used method for preoperative pathological diagnosis of thyroid, breast, lymph nodes, tumors, and other conditions.
Why do we need to perform a biopsy? Some patients may think that performing a biopsy is unnecessary, and they may believe that simply removing abnormal tissue can solve the problem. However, in modern medicine, we emphasize the concept of evidence-based medicine. Diagnosis is not only a prerequisite for treatment, but also the foundation of medical work. The pathological results obtained from biopsy are the "gold standard" of medical diagnosis, with the highest authority and the final adopted diagnostic conclusion. Only with a clear diagnosis can doctors develop follow-up treatment plans, ensuring that drugs can accurately target the disease and achieve the effect of recovery!
Which group of people need to undergo puncture biopsy?
When doctors discover that a patient has a glandular mass with a possibility of malignancy, they will recommend that the patient undergo a biopsy. Glandibular biopsy of the skin only shows the size of the needle eye and puncture opening, causing minimal damage to normal glandular tissue. Outpatient local anesthesia can be performed at a lower cost, and it has little impact on various treatment plans in the later stage. The pathological examination results of the puncture exclude malignant tumors, and regular outpatient follow-up visits, traditional surgery or minimally invasive surgery can be chosen for treatment. When the examination results determine malignant tumors, further treatment plans should be determined based on their pathological properties, such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or surgical treatment plans suitable for the patient.
The purpose of biopsy is to clarify the nature and source of the lesion, the pathological type, and the degree of differentiation.
2. Provide a basis for clinical treatment planning and rational treatment.
3. Determine the efficacy and prognosis.
4. Preoperative localization for non palpable lesions.
5. Postoperative efficacy evaluation of interventional therapy.
Can needle biopsy cause cancer cell metastasis?
The main purpose of biopsy is to confirm the pathological nature and determine the next precise treatment plan. Compared with other surgical methods, it has less stimulation and the tumor cannot grow and implant in the short term, so there is no need to worry too much.
The advantages of ultrasound-guided biopsy are that ultrasound-guided biopsy can avoid important organs and large blood vessels and nerves. The puncture needle can be accurately inserted into the diseased tissue for treatment or pathological examination by suctioning or cutting out a small number of cells or tissues. This minimizes damage to surrounding tissues. After puncture, the puncture site and path can be immediately observed to detect possible bleeding and other phenomena in a timely manner, and to treat them in the shortest possible time to avoid more serious complications. After surgery, there is only one needle eye mark at the puncture site on the body surface, which can heal within a few days.
Contraindications for biopsy
1. Confusion and extreme physical weakness that prevent cooperation with the operator.
2. Patients with severe bleeding tendency, coagulation dysfunction, and large amount of ascites.
3. Patients with severe heart, lung, and kidney failure.
4. Infection at the puncture site may lead to secondary infection after puncture.
5. Difficult to avoid large blood vessels, aneurysms, and pheochromocytoma.
6. Severe hypertension and diabetes.
7. Acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatic attack, and acute abdomen.
Ultrasound guided liver biopsy has minimal trauma, no damage to surrounding large blood vessels, and a high success rate of puncture, making it the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver lesions. In clinical practice, liver biopsy is mainly used for qualitative diagnosis of liver tumors, and can also be used for patients with abnormal liver function but unclear nature. The successful implementation of this technology has put an end to the history of patients needing to be transferred to higher-level hospitals for biopsy surgery, and has won valuable time for patients to receive early treatment.
Summary
Ultrasound guided biopsy is a safe, effective, and reliable medical technique, and is currently an indispensable and important diagnostic and therapeutic tool in clinical practice! Our department currently has an experienced ultrasound-guided biopsy team that can provide corresponding diagnosis and treatment services for patients in need.