Type 2 diabetes is a common clinical disease, and in terms of gender, the incidence rate of men is higher than that of women. The disease cannot be cured at present, and it requires lifelong medication after diagnosis. What do you know about the complications of type 2 diabetes? What are the prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes?
1、 Complications of type 2 diabetes
First, acute complications. Including: (1) decreased glucose tolerance; (2) Ketoacidosis is caused by severe insulin deficiency in the body, often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and fatigue; (3) Hyperosmotic hyperglycemia syndrome is usually accompanied by neurological symptoms such as hallucinations, aphasia, and drowsiness, as well as dehydration symptoms such as sunken eyeballs, cold limbs, and poor skin elasticity.
Secondly, chronic complications. Including: (1) diabetes foot, the patient's foot will appear infection, ulcer, gangrene, which is the main reason for amputation; (2) Diabetes nephropathy is usually accompanied by symptoms such as foam urine, swelling of legs and feet or the whole body. In severe cases, it may even cause uremia and renal failure; (3) Diabetes retinopathy may lead to blurred vision or even blindness. If not treated in time, retinal detachment may occur and even permanent blindness may occur; (4) Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has a high incidence of such complications, which not only occurs earlier, but also progresses faster, because patients are prone to obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and other conditions.
2、 Prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes
First, reasonable diet. Including: (1) dietary principles, developing a scientific diet plan based on one's own nutritional status, reasonably matching dietary structure, nutritious, balanced, light diet, low salt, low-fat, low sugar diet, high fiber, high vitamin diet, chewing slowly and swallowing slowly, eating small meals multiple times, regular and quantitative diet, avoiding overeating, reasonably allocating the proportion of staple foods, meat, vegetables, and fruits in the diet, controlling the daily total calorie intake, and preventing overnutrition; (2) Dietary recommendations include eating more green leafy vegetables, drinking plenty of water, green tea, and other beverages, as well as adding complementary foods such as milk, eggs, lean meat, and soy products; (3) Dietary restrictions: avoid fried foods, limit alcohol and beverages, limit vegetables with high starch content, limit carbohydrate intake, limit staple foods such as noodles, porridge, Mantou, and limit sugar intake such as fruits, sugary drinks, desserts, and Dim sum.
Secondly, pay attention to rest. Maintain a regular sleep schedule, go to bed early and wake up early, pay attention to rest, avoid staying up late, avoid overexertion, and balance work and rest.
Thirdly, actively exercise. Based on the body's tolerance, develop a scientific exercise plan, adhere to aerobic exercise, and engage in physical exercise to control weight, prevent obesity, enhance physical fitness, and improve immunity. Be careful not to engage in vigorous exercise. The intensity of the exercise should be appropriate, and it should be done gradually and within one's capacity.
Fourth, adjust your emotions. Communicate and interact with others more, engage in outdoor activities, be exposed to new things, be calm when encountering problems, relax, reduce psychological pressure, eliminate negative emotions, avoid tension and anxiety, avoid emotional stimulation, maintain a peaceful state of mind, maintain an optimistic attitude, maintain a happy mood, thereby enhancing treatment confidence and promoting the body to recover as soon as possible.
Fifth, early intervention for high-risk populations. For high-risk groups of type 2 diabetes, such as people who lack exercise, often stay up late, people over 40 years old, people with unbalanced diet, obese or overweight people, people with a history of type 2 diabetes, etc., blood sugar should be monitored regularly, and diabetes screening should be carried out regularly to achieve early detection and early intervention. Once symptoms such as polyuria, cataracts, decreased sexual function, and abnormal skin sensation appear, it is recommended to seek medical attention immediately, diagnose in a timely manner, carefully differentiate, and treat as soon as possible.
In short, type 2 diabetes is a common disease. Since it has a great impact on people's physical and mental health, it needs to be actively prevented.