Hypertension is not unfamiliar to each of us, but do you also believe that medication is the only treatment for hypertension? In fact, hypertension can be divided into multiple types, and the treatment methods are determined based on the type. For hypertensive individuals, it is necessary to adopt the correct treatment methods according to their own situation, and try to minimize the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The following text will introduce common subtypes and treatment methods of hypertension, so that more hypertensive patients can understand the causes of the disease and master the correct treatment methods.
1. Simple systolic hypertension
This type of hypertension is the most common in clinical practice, referring to a diastolic blood pressure<90mmHg and a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg. Elderly people are the main target of the disease, and drug treatment is the preferred method in clinical practice. Based on the evaluation of the patient's disease risk factors, personalized comprehensive prevention and treatment plans are given. Common drugs include diuretics, CCBs, ARB/ACEI, etc. Generally, monotherapy or combination therapy is the main approach, starting from small doses and gradually adjusting according to blood pressure management.
2. Morning hypertension
Clinically, this type of blood pressure is defined as a blood pressure measurement of ≥ 135/85mmHg within 1 hour after waking up in the morning, or a dynamic blood pressure record of ≥ 135/85mmHg within 2 hours after waking up. For this type of hypertension, it is clinically recommended to administer medication before bedtime or in the morning. It is recommended to choose antihypertensive drugs with a long duration of action, strong and stable effects, and to choose timed release formulations (COER).
3. Positional blood pressure variability can be divided into two types: orthostatic hypotension and supine hypertension. The occurrence of the disease is related to age-related degenerative changes in the cardiovascular system or reduced sensitivity of pressure receptors. For people who take antipsychotic drugs, anti-tumor drugs, or tricyclic antidepressants for a long time, non pharmacological treatment is the preferred method, such as avoiding prolonged lying down, raising the head of the bed, and avoiding coughing forcefully; If the therapeutic effect of medication is not good, drugs that can be used for orthostatic hypotension include vasoconstrictors such as ephedrine, as well as volume expanders, erythropoietin, etc; For supine hypertension, it is recommended to mainly use short acting antihypertensive drugs.
4. Postprandial hypotension
Patients will exhibit symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemia such as fatigue, fainting, dizziness, angina, and falls. Generally, blood pressure drops to its lowest point 30 to 60 minutes after a meal and gradually returns to normal within two hours after a meal. Non pharmacological treatment should be the main approach, such as sitting or lying down after meals, avoiding alcohol consumption during meals, and paying attention to eating less high sugar foods. When necessary, receiving medication such as acarbose and guar gum can help reduce visceral blood flow, inhibit glucose absorption, and increase peripheral vascular resistance.
5. Refractory hypertension
Clinical investigations have found that the prevalence of this type of hypertension is around 5% to 30%, with higher incidence in obese patients and the elderly population. Generally, a combination of three or four drugs is needed to achieve therapeutic effects.
The treatment of hypertension is not as simple as we imagine, and its type determines the choice of treatment method. If you are also suffering from the troubles caused by hypertension for a long time, it is recommended to treat according to the type of blood pressure to achieve the best effect of blood pressure management. At the same time, strengthen intervention in daily life, pay attention to balanced nutrition in diet, and reduce salt intake; It is advisable to gradually increase the amount of exercise as the body can tolerate it.