Hysteroscopy is a highly acclaimed minimally invasive surgery in gynecological clinical practice, mainly used to diagnose and treat intrauterine diseases such as endometrial polyps, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, uterine prolapse, etc. The instrument is advanced and the operation is simple. Although the effect is very good, full preparation must be made before hysteroscopy surgery is performed, and rest should be taken after hysteroscopy surgery to avoid serious sequelae and damage to physical health.
1、 Preparation before hysteroscopy surgery
Firstly, a comprehensive hysteroscopy examination should be conducted to eliminate surgical contraindications and ensure surgical safety; At the same time, according to the symptoms and changes of the patient's condition, corresponding routine examinations should be supplemented, such as vaginal secretion examination, blood urine routine examination, HIV examination, hepatitis B examination, hepatitis C antibody examination, liver and kidney function examination, electrocardiogram, pelvic ultrasound, blood glucose and blood pressure examination, blood coagulation function examination, cervical cytology examination, etc.
Then, according to the type of surgery performed by the patient, prepare the necessary instruments, drugs, etc. for intraoperative operations in advance. Patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease and vaginitis should undergo hysteroscopy diagnosis and treatment after controlling the inflammatory response; Usually, intrauterine procedures are performed 5-7 days after the end of the menstrual cycle; Many times, in order to facilitate catheterization, medication is usually used to dilate the cervical canal before surgery. At this time, it is necessary to explain to the patient in advance to avoid excessive concern.
Finally, anesthesia coordination has a direct impact on the success rate of surgery. The anesthesia method used during hysteroscopic surgery usually depends on the patient's condition and clinical evaluation results. If it is a combination of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy surgery, general anesthesia is generally used, and diet and water must be prohibited for 6 hours before general anesthesia. If the intrauterine lesions are complex and cervical relaxation is needed, epidural block anesthesia can be used; If hysteroscopy surgery is relatively simple, intravenous anesthesia can be used during the operation; If it is a small hysteroscopic surgery, cervical mucosal surface anesthesia can be considered.
2、 Precautions after hysteroscopy surgery
1. There may be slight vaginal bleeding within 2 months after surgery, and the physiological cycle may only return to normal in the third month;
2. Sexual activity is prohibited for 3 months after surgery; After 3 months, one can consider preparing for pregnancy based on the results of the follow-up examination, but the specific situation depends on the patient's physical fitness and varies from person to person.
3. After hysteroscopy surgery, patients can be discharged 3-5 days later. However, in order to recover faster and better, it is recommended to start small activities 6 hours after surgery, such as turning over in bed and moving hands and feet. After 8 hours, try to get out of bed and walk, continuously extending the activity time. Early activity can promote blood circulation, prevent deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs, and reduce the risk of intestinal adhesions.
4. Lying flat for 6 hours after surgery without sleeping on a pillow and raising the head too early may lead to a decrease in brain pressure and cause headaches; Early urination is necessary after surgery. If the patient experiences abnormal urination, catheterization can be considered.
5. Postoperative pain is a normal physiological phenomenon, and patients are advised not to worry excessively. Relaxing their body and mind or listening to music can alleviate the pain appropriately. If it cannot be relieved on its own, analgesics can be used according to medical advice.
6. After surgery, it is necessary to consume high nutrient foods, start drinking a small amount of warm water, and then consume liquid food after no discomfort, gradually returning to regular food; Especially protein rich foods such as eggs and fish, it is important to consume more to promote wound healing; Do not consume strong tea, coffee, chili peppers, etc. to avoid gastrointestinal discomfort; Smoking and drinking are prohibited.
7. Clean the perineum once a day in the morning and evening after surgery, using a 1/5000 potassium permanganate solution for scrubbing, which can effectively prevent infection.
8. After surgery, pay more attention to the patient, actively inquire about any discomfort, provide timely assistance in daily life, or psychological and emotional support; For concerns about the effectiveness of surgical treatment and precautions during the recovery period, actively communicate with patients and provide easy to understand answers to eliminate negative emotions, enabling them to better cooperate with treatment and achieve early recovery promotion.
Although hysteroscopic surgery causes minimal trauma to the human body, neglecting preoperative and postoperative care can easily lead to unnecessary complications and sequelae, affecting the prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the nursing work before and after hysteroscopy surgery.