Acute myocardial infarction refers to a potentially life-threatening acute condition in which the heart muscle is necrotic due to a lack of blood supply caused by acute blockage of the coronary arteries, resulting in impaired heart function. It belongs to the category of acute coronary syndrome.
1、 Causes of acute myocardial infarction
1. Overwork: Overwork can increase the burden on the heart, leading to a sudden increase in myocardial oxygen demand. In patients with coronary heart disease, the coronary arteries have already hardened and narrowed, making it difficult to fully dilate and causing myocardial ischemia. Severe physical exertion can also induce plaque rupture, leading to acute myocardial infarction.
2. Overeating: After consuming a large amount of high-fat and high calorie foods, the concentration of blood lipids suddenly increases, leading to an increase in blood viscosity and platelet aggregation. Thrombosis forms on the basis of coronary artery stenosis, causing acute myocardial infarction.
3. Intense emotional changes: Excessive and intense emotional changes can induce vascular spasm, plaque rupture, thrombosis, and other conditions that can lead to coronary artery blockage.
4. Bad lifestyle: Long term smoking and heavy drinking can induce acute myocardial infarction by promoting the instability of coronary atherosclerotic plaque, inflammation of vascular endothelium, inducing coronary artery spasm and increasing myocardial oxygen consumption.
2、 Emergency measures for acute myocardial infarction
1. Call the emergency number in a timely manner: quickly dial 120, wait for emergency personnel to come and rescue, and send the patient to the nearest hospital with treatment capabilities as soon as possible.
2. Resting quietly: Emotional excitement and activity can increase the oxygen consumption of the heart, increasing the risk of sudden death. You should maintain emotional stability, stop everything in your hands, rest quietly, and adopt a comfortable position. You can lie flat or semi flat, and raise your feet slightly when lying flat.
3. Do not easily move the patient: Moving the patient at will will will increase the oxygen consumption of the patient's myocardium, which further increases the burden on the heart, exacerbates myocardial ischemia, and may lead to sudden death.
4. Prohibited activities: Stop any activity, especially going to the bathroom, as physical activity can increase the burden on the heart and endanger the patient's life. If you exert force while going to the bathroom, it can easily cause blood clots in the heart vessels to fall off, which may be life-threatening.
5. Window ventilation: Windows should be opened for ventilation to maintain indoor air circulation and increase indoor oxygen content. If conditions permit, patients should be immediately given oxygen.
3、 Daily prevention methods for acute myocardial infarction
1. Maintain good dietary habits: consume more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and foods rich in healthy fats, eat red meat and poultry in moderation, and limit salt intake. Excessive salt intake may lead to hypertension and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
2. Quit smoking and drinking: Smoking and drinking are one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and quitting smoking and drinking can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
3. Moderate exercise: Moderate aerobic exercise can improve cardiovascular health, enhance the oxygen supply capacity of the myocardium, and maintain an appropriate weight. Overweight or obesity can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
4. Control of chronic diseases: chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes are important risk factors for acute myocardial infarction. Regular medical monitoring and corresponding treatment can effectively reduce the risk of acute myocardial infarction.
5. Avoid overexertion: Intense physical activity can increase the burden on the heart and increase the risk of myocardial infarction. Reasonably arrange diet and rest time to avoid overexertion.
6. Control psychological stress: Continuous psychological stress may lead to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Relaxing the body and mind, maintaining a positive attitude towards life, can help prevent the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction.
7. Regular physical examination: Regular physical examination can help detect potential cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, etc., find and control these potential problems in time, and help prevent the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction.
Daily life focuses on prevention and maintaining good habits. If there are health problems or symptoms of suspected myocardial infarction, it is recommended to consult a doctor for personalized advice and treatment plans.