Ultrasound examination is widely used in modern medicine for prenatal diagnosis of pregnant women. The medical imaging diagnostic technology of ultrasound is used to visualize various organs in the patient's body on a display screen. Through ultrasound examination, the size, structure, and lesions of each organ can be seen clearly.
1. Imaging principle of ultrasound examination
Ultrasound examination is the process of using ultrasound waves to enter the human body, which collide with different tissue structures and bounce back to the probe. The unit oscillations in the probe convert the sound waves into electrical pulses, which are transmitted back to the ultrasound host by the probe. The generated electrical pulses are then processed by the computer into digital signals and displayed on the screen after conversion.
2. Advantages of ultrasound examination
Ultrasound has a fast rebound speed, can generate real-time images, and has good imaging effects on muscle tissue and other soft tissues. Ultrasound examination technology is widely used in modern medical examinations, and small ultrasound examination equipment can even be placed at the bedside to perform real-time examinations on patients, with a flexible and convenient scanning process. Ultrasound examination is more convenient compared to CT examination, magnetic resonance imaging, etc., and has a price advantage.
3. Shortcomings of Ultrasound Examination
Ultrasound examination is one of the commonly used examination methods in clinical medicine. The disadvantage of ultrasound examination is that its imaging clarity and resolution are not as good as CT examination. ② Due to the poor penetration of ultrasound into bones, ultrasound examination is not suitable for the examination of the brain and fracture sites. ③ Gas has a significant impact on ultrasound. For example, in pancreatic examinations, ultrasound is susceptible to interference from gastrointestinal gases, resulting in unclear imaging and serious interference with diagnostic results.
What are one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and four-dimensional ultrasound?
① One dimensional ultrasound: One dimensional ultrasound can observe the distance and positioning of the target, but cannot intuitively image the state of the organ, such as A-scan (amplitude modulated ultrasound diagnostic amplitude) and M-ultrasound (ultrasound spot scanning motion).
② Two dimensional ultrasound: Two dimensional ultrasound imaging is a 2D image that can observe the planar view of the patient's organs, such as the common B-ultrasound, which is two-dimensional ultrasound.
③ Three dimensional ultrasound: Three dimensional ultrasound imaging is a stereoscopic imaging that converts a plane into a stereoscopic image based on two-dimensional ultrasound. Three dimensional ultrasound can provide a more three-dimensional presentation of the patient's organs and lesions, but it is a static imaging.
④ Four dimensional ultrasound: Four dimensional ultrasound adds a temporal dimension to three-dimensional imaging, allowing for a more dynamic and three-dimensional observation of the state of organs. However, four-dimensional ultrasound is still based on two-dimensional images. The advantage of three-dimensional and four-dimensional imaging is that it can more intuitively and stereoscopically image the patient's organ status on the screen. But fundamentally, there is not much difference between two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and four-dimensional imaging.
5. Which type of ultrasound examination should be used in prenatal examination? In routine examinations for pregnant women, two-dimensional ultrasound examination is sufficient. Based on two-dimensional imaging, it has high resolution and can screen for fetal abnormalities. Although three-dimensional and four-dimensional imaging are more three-dimensional, they are mostly assisted by two-dimensional ultrasound examination techniques. If abnormalities are found in the two-dimensional examination image of the fetus, further examination with three-dimensional or four-dimensional ultrasound can be performed to assist in diagnosis.
6. The impact of ultrasound examination on the human body
Ultrasound refers to sound waves that exceed the frequency range that can be felt by the human ear. Normal ultrasound examination has no impact on the human body as its penetration ability is weak.
Summary: Ultrasound examination utilizes the characteristic that ultrasound can penetrate the human body, and images after rebounding on the surface of the internal structure of the human body. Ultrasound examination is commonly used for prenatal check ups in pregnant women, which can clearly explore the condition of the fetus in the pregnant woman's body. Ultrasound examination is usually divided into one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and thinking. One dimension can only detect the position of the target organ, but cannot provide clear imaging; Two dimensional ultrasound serves as the basis for three-dimensional and four-dimensional examinations, and can clearly display a plan view of the patient's internal organs. Ultrasound examination has no effect on the human body because the ultrasound used in ultrasound examination has weak penetration power. In prenatal examinations for pregnant women, two-dimensional ultrasound examination is sufficient. If abnormalities are found in the fetus during two-dimensional imaging, three-dimensional or four-dimensional ultrasound can be used for further detailed examination.