With the continuous pursuit of a healthy lifestyle, people are paying more attention to their own health status. Ultrasound medical examination is convenient, effective, relatively affordable, and harmless to the human body, without radiation. It has become an indispensable examination method for screening diseases and health check ups in clinical practice. What are the knowledge points that need to be understood in ultrasound examination? So, today I will talk to you about these things in ultrasound examination.
1、 What is ultrasound? Ultrasound is a type of sound wave with a frequency greater than what the ear can hear, hence the name "ultrasound". Ultrasound examination is the use of ultrasound reflection imaging to examine the body. It has the characteristics of non invasiveness, non radiation, convenience, and strong repeatability, and can provide accurate information and basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Especially for the examination of various organs such as superficial organs, heart, blood vessels, abdomen, urinary system, obstetrics and gynecology, skull and brain, musculoskeletal system, and infant lungs, it is widely used in clinical practice.
2、 What is the sticky and cool substance applied before the examination? The sticky and cool liquid applied to the body during the examination is a "medical coupling agent". When the ultrasound probe comes into direct contact with the patient's skin, there will be a thin layer of air between the two, which may cause the ultrasound to attenuate before it enters the human body. So, the sticky and cool "medical coupling agent" perfectly solves this problem, filling between the probe surface and the skin to isolate air, which is very useful. Meanwhile, 'medical coupling agent' is a good lubricant that allows the probe to slide smoothly and flexibly for exploration. Don't worry, medical coupling agents are water-soluble polymer colloids that are non-toxic and harmless to the body, and will not cause irritation or allergic reactions to the skin. After examination, wipe them clean with paper.
3、 What is color Doppler ultrasound? The full name of color Doppler ultrasound is color Doppler ultrasound, which adds color Doppler technology on the basis of B-ultrasound. It can display the blood flow perfusion inside and outside organs and lesions, providing physicians with more examination information. And its resolution is higher than ordinary B-ultrasound, with more examination functions and a wider and finer examination range. At present, color ultrasound is mainly used for two-dimensional, three-dimensional, four-dimensional and other examinations.
4、 Color Doppler ultrasound "is not a color Doppler ultrasound. Color Doppler ultrasound uses pulse Doppler technology to visually represent blood flow signals in blood vessels in red, blue, and other colors, and superimposes them on black and white images to provide rich information on hemodynamics in real time. That is to say," color "reflects the blood flow situation, and we only add" color "signals when we need to understand the blood flow situation.
In fact, ultrasound is a combination of high-definition ultrasound and color blood flow. During ultrasound examination, doctors will use black and white images to determine whether the patient's organs are diseased, and then add red or blue blood flow signals to the abnormal areas to better display the shape, location, and blood supply of the lesions. Therefore, when doing an ultrasound, the first thing you see is "black and white" instead of "color".
5、 Why do examinations sometimes require fasting or holding urine? Because encountering gas can cause strong attenuation of ultrasound waves, during the examination process, ultrasound waves pass through layers of tissue and observe the organs at the examination site. To avoid strong attenuation of ultrasound waves caused by gas and affect image quality, corresponding examination preparations need to be made according to the different examination sites.
1. Check for holding urine. Ultrasound examinations of the urinary system and gynecology, such as examinations of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate, uterus, adnexa, etc., require bladder filling (holding urine) to avoid interference from intestinal gas in front of the bladder. Proper holding of urine can push away the surrounding intestinal gas, allowing for clear visualization of the bladder in a filled state and allowing for a clear examination of lesions in the bladder and bladder wall. The uterus and adnexa are located in the pelvic cavity, between the bladder and rectum, surrounded by intestinal tubes. When ultrasound examination of the uterus and adnexa, it is necessary to ensure that the bladder is filled before the uterus and adnexa can be supported. In addition, checking the prostate also requires a filled bladder as a transparent window for display.
2. Fasting examination is required. During routine abdominal examination, renal vascular examination, iliac vascular examination, etc., excessive gas intake can affect the penetration effect of ultrasound, resulting in poor image display and easy missed diagnosis of minor lesions. After eating, the contraction of the gallbladder becomes smaller, which affects its structural display and often leads to many signs being ignored. Therefore, it is necessary to fasting before such examinations. In summary, whether it is requesting fasting or holding urine, it is all for better examination results.
6、 Side and flip during examination
Ultrasound examination is a diagnostic examination that utilizes information such as acoustics, echo intensity, and blood flow signal distribution. During the examination, the position may cause gas or other organs to obstruct the body, affecting the penetration of ultrasound. Therefore, doctors will appropriately require patients to turn sideways and over, adjust the appropriate position, and allow the ultrasound probe to avoid gas in the body, making slight changes in organ position more suitable for examination, and making the ultrasound display clearer.