Cerebral infarction, also known as cerebral infarction or ischemic stroke, refers to the obstruction of blood supply leading to localized brain tissue hypoxia or ischemic necrosis, and resulting in corresponding neurological deficits. Simply put, it is caused by the blockage of cerebral artery blood vessels by emboli, affecting blood flow and leading to ischemia and necrosis of brain cells, resulting in damage to brain function. Cerebral infarction accounts for the majority of all cerebrovascular diseases, and its mortality rate is also relatively high. Overall, cerebral infarction is a disease with a high disability and mortality rate in medicine. Its appearance brings great troubles to patients and their families. Therefore, in order to reduce these troubles, we should encourage patients with cerebral infarction to take action and increase efforts in rehabilitation care.
1. Psychological care
After someone falls ill, both the patient and their family members may experience some changes in their daily life and work, so some patients may not be able to cope psychologically. So it is necessary to communicate and interact more with patients, let them know the condition and situation of this disease, and encourage them to cooperate with treatment and care psychologically. Only in this way can patients be better helped, and patients should be encouraged to actively acquire relevant knowledge to maintain their health from their hearts and actively participate in self-care activities. Encourage patients to speak more. For those who cannot express themselves through language, they can use body language or a writing board to communicate. To encourage patients to actively engage in physical and mental activities, and to establish optimistic confidence in overcoming the disease. Inform them to follow the doctor's advice.
2. Observe the patient's swallowing function
Nursing should observe whether the patient can eat orally on their own, know the patient's swallowing situation, encourage those who can swallow on their own to eat on their own, and adjust the food to a paste for easy swallowing by the patient. Spicy and stimulating foods should not be eaten. Patients can have multiple meals in small quantities. When guiding patients and their families to help them with their diet, attention should be paid to methods and related matters.
3. Dietary care
Patients should choose low-fat and low salt foods, a protein rich and vitamin rich diet, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less sweets and animal oil, avoid spicy and fried foods, have a certain regularity in their daily routine, and engage in appropriate physical activity. Quit smoking and drinking, etc.
4. Physical rehabilitation training
In general, after the patient's consciousness is clear, vital signs are relatively stable, and the condition no longer develops, appropriate rehabilitation training can be carried out. The amount of exercise can be increased gradually from less, but it should be moderate, so that it can slowly improve the muscle strength of the body, maintain the function of the joints, and be supplemented by acupuncture and moxibustion, massage, physiotherapy, etc. of traditional Chinese medicine to promote the early recovery of patients' limb functions.
5. Aerobic exercise training
For those bedridden patients, proper massage should be given to their paralyzed parts. If they have some mobility, they can be allowed to carry out moderate aerobic activities according to the specific situation, which can help improve the patients' cardiopulmonary function, promote blood circulation in their bodies, and help to improve the movement of atherosclerosis.
Overall, cerebral infarction has a longer course of illness and slower recovery, which seriously affects people's health and well-being. Negative psychological and physiological factors can also be triggering factors. Therefore, when facing this disease, patients and their families should actively respond. Although cerebral infarction is cruel, it still has great potential for recovery. If detected early, rehabilitation care can be carried out early, which not only reduces the disability and mortality rates, but also promotes the early recovery of patients' health.