Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors in the female reproductive organs and one of the most common tumors in the human body, also known as fibroids or uterine fibroids. The main treatment for uterine fibroids is surgical resection. It is recommended to get out of bed and exercise as soon as possible after surgery, and not to stay in bed for a long time, otherwise it may cause pelvic organ adhesion, which is one of the common complications after uterine fibroid surgery.
1、 Preoperative care
1. In order to improve surgical tolerance and body resistance, preoperative nutrition should be increased by consuming high protein, high calorie, vitamin rich, and easily digestible foods.
2. Psychological nursing provides information, enhances confidence, establishes a good nurse patient relationship, explains disease-related knowledge, eliminates unnecessary concerns of patients, and strengthens rehabilitation confidence.
2、 Preoperative precautions
1. Pay attention to personal hygiene and keep warm to prevent the occurrence of diseases such as colds and diarrhea from affecting the surgery.
2. Inform the patient of the surgery time, and the responsible nurse will prepare the abdominal and external genital skin, vaginal flushing, and anesthesia area skin for you, mainly to clean the skin and prevent infection.
3. On the evening before surgery, eat a small amount of liquid food and avoid difficult to digest foods such as milk and eggs. Avoid water for 8 hours before surgery (a small amount of hot water can be added when taking medication) to maintain intestinal cleanliness and prevent postoperative vomiting, aspiration, and suffocation.
4. Soap water enema should be performed at 20:00 on the night before surgery and 06:00 on the day of surgery to clean the intestines and prevent infection during and after surgery.
5. Maintain a calm mood, eliminate excessive tension, ensure adequate sleep, and administer sedatives if necessary.
6. Preoperative indwelling catheter and skin preparation.
7. Before surgery, please remove your ring, watch, hairpin, necklace, bracelet, glasses (contact lenses), dentures, and other items and hand them over to your family or nurse for safekeeping to prevent loss.
3、 Postoperative care
1. Postoperative diet. After exhaust, eat semi liquid food such as Noodles in soup, Wonton, vegetable paste, etc., and later change to soft food such as; Egg soup, noodles, etc. Do not eat gas producing food, such as soybean milk, milk, sugar, before exhausting. Food taboos; Spicy, stimulating, raw and cold food.
2. Psychological care: After surgery, patients should be mentally prepared for the pain at the incision site, and taught some methods to relieve the pain, such as using an analgesic pump to explain the usage and precautions to patients, and administering analgesics if necessary.
4、 Postoperative precautions
1. Within 6 hours after surgery, lie down with the head tilted to one side. If there is nausea and vomiting, press the abdomen with your hands to reduce the tension of the abdominal incision. This method can also be used for coughing. If necessary, administer a salt bag to the abdomen for 6 hours to reduce bleeding.
2. Patients can be assisted in a semi recumbent position 6 hours after surgery, which is beneficial for reducing pain.
3. There is often abdominal distension after surgery, which is most obvious within 24-48 hours after surgery. After 6 hours of surgery, the patient should be turned over to promote intestinal peristalsis, which is beneficial for early postoperative ventilation, prevention of intestinal adhesions, and reduction of pulmonary complications and thrombosis.
4. You can get out of bed and move around 1-2 days after surgery, and gradually increase your activity afterwards.
To promote the healing of abdominal incisions, infrared baking lamps will be used to irradiate the incision twice a day, and the stitches will be removed 7 days after surgery.
6. The tissue cut after surgery needs to undergo pathological section examination, and the examination results will be available one week later. The doctor will inform you of the examination results at that time.
5、 Discharge Health Guidance
1. Ensure adequate sleep, avoid heavy physical labor, and avoid actions that increase abdominal pressure for patients undergoing total hysterectomy for six months, such as lifting heavy objects, holding children, and straining to defecate. Avoid activities that increase pelvic congestion, such as dancing and standing for long periods of time. To prevent infection caused by incomplete healing, sexual activity should be avoided for three months after surgery.
2. Regular follow-up: After uterine fibroid surgery, patients also need regular follow-up. On the one hand, it can help doctors understand the recovery situation after surgery, and on the other hand, it can detect abnormalities in a timely manner and receive timely treatment. Especially about three months to six months after surgery, it is recommended to go to the hospital for a follow-up ultrasound to understand if there is any recurrence of uterine fibroids.
3. The recovery of the incision takes 3-6 months, during which there may be numbness or tingling around the incision, which is a normal reaction to the repair process. If there is redness, swelling, pain, or fever, timely medical attention should be sought, and the skin should be kept clean. Clothes should be loose and soft.
4. You can take a shower about a week after discharge, preferably with the assistance of family members, to prevent accidents caused by physical exhaustion.
5. Pay attention to diet: After uterine fibroid surgery, wait for the patient's anal gas to pass, mainly consume liquid food (such as fish soup, etc.), then eat semi liquid food (such as rice, porridge, noodles, etc.), and gradually transition to normal food. In terms of food intake, as the patient's body is relatively weak after surgery, they can eat more protein rich foods that are beneficial for physical recovery, such as eggs, black fish, etc.
In addition, due to the patient's prolonged bed rest and lack of exercise, it is easy to cause constipation. It is recommended to eat vitamin rich foods such as vegetables and fruits to promote body metabolism. After uterine fibroid surgery, the diet should be light and avoid consuming stimulating foods that may affect wound healing.