In recent years, the clinical incidence rate of diabetes is getting higher and higher, which always threatens the health and safety of patients. Especially for pregnant women, it will be a very difficult problem to encounter diabetes during pregnancy. To solve this problem, it is not only necessary to treat it with medication, but sometimes dietary regulation is also crucial.
Although the emergence of diabetes in pregnancy is more and more common, it generally occurs in the following groups:
1. Older women. Pregnant women over the age of 35 are elderly women, who are prone to gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
2. Overweight or obesity. If you are overweight or obese before pregnancy, it is easy to induce diabetes. We can judge by calculating the body mass index. If the weight (kg)/height (m) 2 is ≥ 25, it is overweight, and ≥ 30, it is obesity.
3. Family genetic population. Diabetes has a certain degree of heredity, and there is no age and gender restrictions. If there is a history of diabetes in the family, women will increase the risk of pregnancy diabetes during pregnancy. This group of people must regularly monitor their blood sugar during pregnancy in order to achieve early detection and treatment.
In the face of gestational diabetes, we must treat it in time, otherwise it will bring great harm to pregnant women and even the fetus. For example, due to diabetes during pregnancy, the amniotic fluid in pregnant women will increase dramatically, and when the amniotic fluid is too much, it will lead to premature rupture of membranes, or even premature delivery. In addition, due to the dramatic increase in amniotic fluid, it may also affect the cardiovascular function of pregnant women. In addition, diabetes in pregnancy is extremely easy to cause pregnancy induced hypertension. According to relevant data, the probability of having pregnancy induced diabetes combined with pregnancy induced hypertension is 2-4 times that of normal pregnant women. When pregnancy induced hypertension is combined, pregnancy induced eclampsia is very easy to occur. In severe cases, it can also lead to fetal enlargement and restricted fetal growth.
According to medical research, besides medical treatment, it is also important to manage the diet of pregnant women, which will help stabilize blood sugar. So, how should pregnant women with diabetes eat rationally?
1. The staple food is quantified, with a combination of coarse and fine grains such as whole grains, potatoes, and miscellaneous beans. It is rich in dietary fiber, has a low glycemic index, and stays in the gastrointestinal tract for a long time, which can reduce postprandial blood sugar fluctuations and help with blood sugar control. It is recommended that whole grains, potatoes, and mixed beans account for one-third of the staple food.
2. Eat less and eat more. Pregnant women should eat less and more meals, 5-6 meals a day, including 3 main meals and 2-3 additional meals. Be sure to pay attention to not adding extra food! This can ensure nutrition and reduce blood sugar fluctuations.
3. Increase protein intake for livestock, poultry, fish, milk, eggs, and legumes. Individualized adjustments can be made based on the recommended protein intake for energy goals and actual gestational age. Recommend low-fat or skim milk, eggs, soy products, and fish.
4. Pregnant women who consume pickled and fried "deep processed" foods with low oil, salt, and sugar intake may not only develop gestational hypertension but also lose weight, which can affect blood sugar levels. A light diet is not only beneficial for blood sugar control but also helps prevent rapid weight gain and reduce the occurrence of other complications.
Although fruits are good, we should not eat too much fruit. Excessive intake of monosaccharides can affect blood sugar levels and may also lead to excessive weight gain in pregnant women. It is advisable for sugar moms to consume 200g of fruits per day during pregnancy, and the choice of fruit type is very important. Avoid fruits with high sugar content and choose fruits such as cucumbers, cherry tomatoes, and dragon fruit as substitutes.
6. Exercise after meals. Exercising for 20-30 minutes after each meal can greatly help control postprandial blood sugar. The exercise method can be chosen according to the individual condition and habits of the sugar mother, such as walking, prenatal yoga, etc.