Rehabilitation medicine is mainly used to treat various functional disorders in the human body, with functional disorders as the core, emphasizing the use of improvement, compensation, and substitution to enhance function, improve quality of life, and enable patients to live independently. Although more and more people are understanding and valuing rehabilitation, and rehabilitation has gradually become deeply rooted in people's hearts, when it comes to rehabilitation, many people are still unclear and even misunderstand it. Next, let's take a look at the relevant content of rehabilitation treatment together.
The concept of rehabilitation therapy
1. Manual therapy: It is a professional physical therapist who stimulates the stress of the affected tissue to enhance the corresponding neuromuscular system function, which can to some extent eliminate pain, promote the excretion of inflammatory products, eliminate swelling, and promote the body's own absorption of joint effusion.
2. Exercise therapy, which strengthens physical and mental function through changes in movement or posture, plays a role in preventing and treating functional disorders: (1) improving the regulatory ability of the central nervous system and autonomic nervous system;
(2) Enhance metabolic capacity and improve cardiovascular and pulmonary function;
(3) Maintain and restore the morphology and function of motor organs;
(4) Promote the formation and development of compensatory mechanisms.
3. Instrumental therapy: It refers to the use of physical factor therapy, namely high-tech physical therapy instruments, to assist in the treatment of pain in the affected area, eliminate edema, promote scar tissue healing, and change tissue physiological functions. Including the use of hot compress, cold compress, electrotherapy, ultrasound, and other physical methods, it has the following therapeutic effects: (1) anti-inflammatory and analgesic;
(2) Improve blood circulation;
(3) Affects neuromuscular excitability.
Advantages of physical factor therapy: (1) Improving therapeutic efficacy;
(2) Shorten the course of the disease;
(3) Prevent sequelae and complications;
(4) Promote functional and labor recovery;
Rehabilitation treatment targets
Currently, the scope of rehabilitation is becoming increasingly wide, mainly including orthopedic rehabilitation, neurological rehabilitation, pain rehabilitation, pediatric rehabilitation, postpartum rehabilitation, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, elderly rehabilitation, etc. The specific rehabilitation targets are as follows
1. Orthopedic rehabilitation: patients with limb movement dysfunction caused by sports system injuries, such as perioperative rehabilitation of artificial joint replacement surgery, postoperative limb trauma fracture surgery, perioperative rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, perioperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury repair, ankle fracture, ankle osteoarthritis, Achilles tendon rupture, eversion, flat foot, postoperative rehabilitation of Achilles tendon rupture, etc.
2. Rehabilitation of musculoskeletal pain:
(1) Neck, shoulder, waist, and leg pain: cervical spondylosis, neck and shoulder syndrome; Shoulder periarthritis, rotator cuff injury, meniscus injury, ligament tear, heel pain, mandibular joint dysfunction syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, gout;
(2) Neuropathic pain: neurovascular headache, facial neuritis, trigeminal neuralgia, intercostal neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia;
(3) Soft tissue pain: tenosynovitis, acute sprains, etc; Chest rib cartilage inflammation, intercostal neuralgia, lumbar myofascial inflammation, and refractory lumbar muscle strain;
(4) Cancer related pain.
3. Neurorehabilitation: stroke hemiplegia, aphasia, swallowing disorders, spasms, shoulder hand syndrome, cognitive impairment; Post traumatic brain injury syndrome; Complications such as paraplegia, urinary dysfunction, fecal dysfunction, pressure ulcers, spasms, ectopic ossification, osteoporosis, etc. caused by trauma or spinal cord lesions; Peripheral nerve injury; Elderly diseases such as dementia, Parkinson's disease, and cerebellar atrophy; Cerebral palsy in children;
4. Child Rehabilitation: Children with cerebral palsy, growth retardation, mental retardation, sequelae of myelitis, sequelae of encephalitis, mental retardation, intellectual disability, autism, traumatic brain injury, peripheral injury, epilepsy. Progressive muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, scoliosis, and ankylosing spondylitis in children.
5. Postpartum rehabilitation: Rehabilitation targets: women who are willing to improve their image and quality of life; Urinary incontinence (leakage of urine); Vaginal abnormalities: wide and loose vagina, vaginal spasms, vaginal wall prolapse; Mild to moderate uterine prolapse; Sexual dissatisfaction: painful intercourse, asexual orgasm, decreased libido, etc; Postoperative scar pain and pelvic surgery; Patients with recurrent vaginitis and urinary tract infections in the non acute phase; Various types of pain such as lower back pain; Separation of rectus abdominis and pubic symphysis; Depression and anxiety.
6. Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation (cardiac rehabilitation+respiratory rehabilitation): patients with coronary heart disease and cardiac stent implantation, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary heart disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, chronic disease population and sub healthy population; And respiratory dysfunction caused by various diseases.
7. Elderly rehabilitation: Long term bed rest, balance disorders and falls, hearing impairment, urinary disorders, depression, anxiety, communication disorders, dementia, pressure ulcers, memory impairment, etc. in elderly people.
8. Burn rehabilitation: ordinary burn (scald), electric shock, radiation burn, frostbite, diabetes foot, bedsore and various refractory wounds.
Rehabilitation therapy is to help those who have lost some of their functions regain the courage, confidence, and dignity to continue living.